CLASS -5TH Science L2

LESSON-2: FOOD, HEALTH AND DISEASES

 

III. Answer the following questions in one sentence.

1. Why does our body need protein-rich food?

Ans. Protein-rich food is needed for the body to grow and heal the damaged body parts.

2. Name three food item that provide fibre.

Ans. Fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains contain good amounts of fibre.

3. Where do germs live?

Ans. Germs live in unclean places such as garbage and dirt.

4. Which disease can be caused by the bite of an Aedes mosquito?

Ans. The bite of an Aedes mosquito can cause dengue.

5. How does Covid-19 spread?

Ans. COVID-19 spreads through contaminated air.

6. What does a vaccine contain?

Ans. A vaccine produces immunity against a particular disease.

IV. Answer the following questions.

1. Name any one vitamin and write about its importance. Name some food items rich in this vitamin.

Ans. Vitamin D is needed for the proper growth of bones. This vitamin is made by our body with the help of sunlight. Milk and dairy products such as curd, butter and ghee contain vitamin D. Fish, eggs and meat are also good sources of vitamin D.

2. Write 4-5 sentences about malnutrition.

Ans. A person whose diet does not provide the required nutrients over a long period of time suffers from malnutrition. The person who suffers from malnutrition becomes very weak, becomes tired easily and can fall sick often. Malnutrition can be cured by having a balanced diet.

3. Explain how different communicable diseases spread?

Ans. Communicable diseases spread through air, water, food, insects or through direct contact with a sick person. Diseases, such as tuberculosis, common cold and COVID-19 spread through the air. When a person suffering from tuberculosis, common cold or COVID-19 sneezes or coughs, the germs present in the throat and lungs are thrown out into the air. Any other person who breathes such air can fall sick. Communicable diseases can spread through insects also.

4. List three measures that should be taken to prevent malaria.

Ans. • Do not allow water to collect around your surroundings as mosquitoes lay their eggs in water.

• Introduce fish into ponds. Fish feed on mosquito larvae and do not let mosquitoes multiply.

• Use a mosquito net to sleep under, to prevent mosquito bites.

5. Name any one deficiency disease. Explain how it occurs and suggest a cure for the disease.

Ans. Kwashiorkor – this disease occurs due to deficiency of proteins. Its symptoms are loss of appetite, swelling of legs and stomach, enlarged liver and stunted growth. This disease can be prevented by giving diet to the person that contains skimmed milk, porridge, pulses and eggs.

     6. Explain how vaccine protect us from certain disease.

Ans. A vaccine contains weakened or dead germs of a certain disease. They are in the form of oral drops or injections. When a person is vaccinated, the germs present in the vaccine enter the body and prepare the body to fight against the disease-causing germs. Thus, the person acquires immunity against the particular disease.

 

 

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